Mastering a certain knowledge of car maintenance is the basic skill of car owners. In our daily life, we will find that with the extension of driving age, people will have a deeper understanding of car maintenance. Many large and small problems can be found in time, so as to solve them quickly.

　　一、機(jī)油更換常識(shí)

　　I. Common Knowledge of Oil Replacement

　　機(jī)油多久更換一次?每次需要更換多少機(jī)油?關(guān)于機(jī)油的更換周期和用量是大家特別關(guān)注的問(wèn)題，較直接的就是去查看自己的隨車保養(yǎng)手冊(cè)，上面一般都有很清楚的介紹。但也有不少人的保養(yǎng)手冊(cè)早就不見蹤影了，此時(shí)你就要多多了解打聽了。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，機(jī)油的更換周期為5000公里，具體的更換周期和用量要根據(jù)車型相關(guān)信息來(lái)判斷。

　　How often do you change the oil? How much oil do you need to change each time? The replacement cycle and quantity of the oil is a matter of special concern to everyone. The most direct way is to check your on-board maintenance manual, which generally has a very clear introduction. But many people's maintenance manuals have disappeared for a long time, so you need to know more about them. Generally speaking, the replacement cycle of oil is 5000 kilometers, and the specific replacement cycle and consumption should be judged according to the relevant information of the vehicle type.

　　不是所有的車型都適合車主自己動(dòng)手換機(jī)油，但我們可以學(xué)會(huì)查看機(jī)油標(biāo)尺，以此來(lái)判斷機(jī)油是否到了該更換的時(shí)候。還有，更換機(jī)油的同時(shí)必須更換機(jī)油濾清器。

　　Not all models are suitable for car owners to change the oil by themselves, but we can learn to look at the oil gauge to determine whether the oil is the time to change. Also, oil filters must be replaced when oil is replaced.

　　二、防凍液使用常識(shí)

　　2. Common knowledge on the use of antifreeze

　　防凍液較好全年使用，除了防凍冷卻的功能，防凍液還有清潔、除銹、防腐的作用，減少水箱的腐蝕，保護(hù)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。注意防凍液的顏色要挑選正確，不要混用。

　　Antifreeze liquid is best used all year round. In addition to the function of antifreeze cooling, antifreeze liquid also has the functions of cleaning, rust removal and anticorrosion, reducing the corrosion of water tank and protecting engine. Pay attention to the color of antifreeze liquid to choose the right, do not mix.

　　三、剎車油使用常識(shí)

　　3. Common Knowledge of Brake Oil Use

　　剎車系統(tǒng)的功能與剎車油有著緊密的聯(lián)系，在檢查更換剎車片、剎車盤等硬件時(shí)，不要忘記看看剎車油是否需要添加更換。

　　The function of the brake system is closely related to the brake oil. When checking the replacement of brake pads, brake discs and other hardware, don't forget to see if the brake oil needs to be added and replaced.

　　四、變速箱油

　　IV. Gearbox Oil

　　為了保證車子轉(zhuǎn)向靈活，要經(jīng)常檢查變速箱油，不論是齒輪油還是自動(dòng)變速箱油，都要注意油品的型號(hào)，通常來(lái)說(shuō)都是就高的。

　　In order to ensure the vehicle steering flexibility, it is necessary to constantly check the transmission oil, whether gear oil or automatic transmission oil, pay attention to the type of oil, which is usually high.

　　保養(yǎng)項(xiàng)目

　　Maintenance program

　　日常汽車保養(yǎng)項(xiàng)目有哪些?汽車是個(gè)很復(fù)雜的大機(jī)械，在運(yùn)行中各機(jī)械部件不可避免地會(huì)產(chǎn)生磨損，加上外界人為、環(huán)境等因素的影響，造成汽車的損耗。根據(jù)汽車的行駛狀況，廠家都會(huì)制定相應(yīng)的汽車保養(yǎng)項(xiàng)目，常見的保養(yǎng)項(xiàng)目有哪些呢?

　　What are the routine maintenance items of automobiles? Automobiles are very complex and large machinery. In operation, mechanical components will inevitably wear and tear, and the influence of external human and environmental factors will cause the loss of automobiles. According to the driving condition of the car, manufacturers will formulate the corresponding car maintenance projects. What are the common maintenance projects?

　　項(xiàng)目一、小保養(yǎng)

　　Item 1. Small Maintenance

　　小保養(yǎng)的內(nèi)容：

　　Contents of minor maintenance:

　　小保養(yǎng)一般是指汽車行駛一定距離后，為保障車輛性能而在廠商規(guī)定的時(shí)間或里程做的常規(guī)保養(yǎng)項(xiàng)目。主要包括更換機(jī)油和機(jī)油濾芯。

　　Small maintenance generally refers to the routine maintenance items which are done at the time or mileage specified by the manufacturer to ensure the performance of the vehicle after a certain distance. Mainly includes the replacement of oil and oil filter.

　　小保養(yǎng)的間隔：

　　Interval of minor maintenance:

　　小保養(yǎng)的時(shí)間取決于所用機(jī)油和機(jī)油濾芯的有效時(shí)間或里程。不同品牌級(jí)別的礦物質(zhì)機(jī)油、半合成機(jī)油、全合成機(jī)油有效期也不盡相同，請(qǐng)以廠商推薦為準(zhǔn)。機(jī)油濾芯一般分常規(guī)及長(zhǎng)效兩種，常規(guī)機(jī)油濾芯隨機(jī)油一起更換，長(zhǎng)效機(jī)油濾芯使用時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)。

　　The time of minor maintenance depends on the effective time or mileage of the oil and oil filter element used. The validity period of mineral oil, semi-synthetic oil and total synthetic oil of different brands is different, please refer to the manufacturer's recommendation. Oil filter elements are generally divided into conventional and long-term two, conventional oil filter elements are replaced with random oil, long-term oil filter elements use longer time.

　　小保養(yǎng)中的用品：

　　Supplies for minor maintenance:

　　1、機(jī)油就是發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)的潤(rùn)滑油。能對(duì)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)起到潤(rùn)滑、清潔、冷卻、密封、減磨等作用。對(duì)于降低發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)零件的磨損，延長(zhǎng)使用壽命有著重要的意義。

　　1. Oil is the lubricant for engine operation. It can lubricate, clean, cool, seal and reduce the wear of the engine. It is of great significance to reduce wear and tear of engine parts and prolong service life.

　　2、機(jī)油濾芯機(jī)是過(guò)濾機(jī)油的部件。機(jī)油中都含有一定量的膠質(zhì)、雜質(zhì)、水分和添加劑;在發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)工作過(guò)程中，各部件摩擦產(chǎn)生的金屬屑、吸入空氣中的雜質(zhì)、機(jī)油氧化物等，都是機(jī)油濾芯過(guò)濾的對(duì)象。若機(jī)油不作過(guò)濾，直接進(jìn)入油路循環(huán)，將會(huì)對(duì)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的性能和壽命產(chǎn)生不利的影響。

　　2. Oil filter is a component of oil filter. Oil contains a certain amount of gum, impurities, moisture and additives. In the process of engine operation, metal scraps produced by friction of various components, impurities inhaled in the air, oil oxides, etc., are all the objects of oil filter element filtering. If the oil is not filtered and directly enters the oil circulation, it will have a negative impact on the performance and life of the engine.

　　項(xiàng)目二、大保養(yǎng)

　　Item 2. Big Maintenance

　　大保養(yǎng)的內(nèi)容：

　　Contents of major maintenance:

　　大保養(yǎng)是指在廠商規(guī)定的時(shí)間或里程，進(jìn)行的內(nèi)容為更換機(jī)油和機(jī)油濾芯、空氣濾芯、汽油濾芯的常規(guī)保養(yǎng)。

　　Big maintenance refers to the routine maintenance of oil and oil filter, air filter and gasoline filter during the time or mileage specified by the manufacturer.

　　大保養(yǎng)的間隔：

　　Large maintenance intervals:

　　大保養(yǎng)是基于小保養(yǎng)的存在，一般這兩種保養(yǎng)交替進(jìn)行。間隔因汽車品牌差異各有不同，具體還請(qǐng)以廠商推薦為準(zhǔn)。

　　Large maintenance is based on the existence of small maintenance, usually the two kinds of maintenance alternately. The interval varies according to the brand of the car. Please refer to the manufacturer's recommendation.

　　大保養(yǎng)中的用品：

　　Supplies in major maintenance:

　　除了更換機(jī)油和機(jī)油濾清器之外，汽車大保養(yǎng)中還有以下兩個(gè)項(xiàng)目：
                         

　　In addition to the replacement of oil and oil filters, there are the following two items in the major maintenance of automobiles:

　　1、空氣濾清器

　　1. Air filter

　　發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)在工作過(guò)程中要吸進(jìn)大量的空氣，如果空氣不經(jīng)過(guò)濾，其中的塵埃會(huì)加速活塞組及氣缸的磨損。較大的顆粒進(jìn)入活塞與氣缸之間，還會(huì)造成嚴(yán)重的“拉缸”現(xiàn)象?？諝鉃V芯的作用就是濾除空氣中的灰塵、顆粒，保證氣缸中進(jìn)入足量、清潔的空氣。

　　The engine sucks in a lot of air during its working process. If the air is not filtered, the dust will accelerate the wear of the piston set and cylinder. Large particles entering between piston and cylinder will also cause serious "cylinder pulling" phenomenon. The function of air filter element is to filter the dust and particles in the air, so as to ensure that enough clean air is entered into the cylinder.

　　2、汽油濾清器

　　2. Gasoline filter

　　汽油濾芯的作用是為發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)提供清潔的燃油，過(guò)濾掉汽油的水分及雜質(zhì)。從而使發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)性能達(dá)到較優(yōu)化，同時(shí)也為發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)提供了較佳保護(hù)。

　　The function of the gasoline filter is to provide clean fuel for the engine and filter out the moisture and impurities of the gasoline. Thus, the engine performance can be optimized and the best protection can be provided for the engine at the same time.

　　通常，在進(jìn)行汽車保養(yǎng)時(shí)，作業(yè)人員會(huì)根據(jù)車子的具體情況做其他檢查，還會(huì)增加其他保養(yǎng)項(xiàng)目，比如發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)相關(guān)系統(tǒng)的檢查清洗養(yǎng)護(hù)、輪胎的定位檢查、各緊固部件的檢查等等。

　　Usually, in vehicle maintenance, the operator will do other checks according to the specific conditions of the car, but also add other maintenance items, such as engine-related system inspection, cleaning and maintenance, tire positioning inspection, inspection of various fastening parts and so on.